How has technology impacted the film industry?

-production (filming & editing equipment):

*In video, a non-linear editing system (NLE) is a video editing (NLVE) or audio editing (NLAE) digital audio workstation (DAW) system which can perform random access non-destructive editing on the source material. It is named in contrast to 20th century methods of linear video editing and film editing.

*Linear video editing is a video editing post-production process of selecting, arranging and modifying images and sound in a predetermined, ordered sequence. Regardless whether captured by a video camera, tapeless camcorder, recorded in a television studio on a video tape recorder (VTR) the content must be accessed sequentially. For the most part video editing software has replaced linear editing.

Attack the Block

How to make a Film

• Development. From idea to signing of contracts.

Development includes all stages from the germ of the idea to the hiring of the talent, and includes fundraising, screenplay drafts, and initial location scouting.

• Preproduction. All the technical matters that can be settled before shooting.

After the dust has settled, the business of making a film actually begins. Preproduction is the stage at which war plans are formed: The rest of the crew and cast are hired, the shooting schedule is planned, and so on. Again, the producer is very active here. The director is now playing an increasingly large role in determining how the film is going to be shot.

• Production. The actual shooting of a film.

This is the part that budding thespians dream about: the moment when the movie is actually filmed. As it turns out, this part can be incredibly boring for actors, who are sometimes surprised to see how exciting their movie can be, when their only memory was of sitting around and waiting.

• Postproduction. The technical portion of filmmaking that turns raw film into finished product.

Postproduction takes place in the time from "That's a wrap" to "delivery" of the finished film print. It includes the various kinds of editing—in sound and celluloid

• Marketing. The process of getting the finished product to its audience.

After spending millions of dollars on making a movie, the studio spends millions more on letting audiences know about it. Movies have to be a hit on their opening weekend, often on their opening day, otherwise they tend to disappear very quickly, and the studio stands to make a loss on their investment.

notes on the film

- Over shoulder is used in the first scene when the lady and man are fighting

- Close up is used to show the facial expressions of the characters for example the reporter is scared of the gun and it shows a close up of her in shock and not knowing what to do but as for the other lady when ther is a close up of her it shows that shes not sceard of anything becuase evrytime we see her shes either got a gun her hand or shes digging and fighting the lion.

- Shot revers shot is used when the man is slideing down the rope and then the lion chasing him across, also this was used when 5 characters met up and had a conversation

- Dolly shot is used when the man puts the piece of meat on the lion trap

- Fast pan is used when the man slides down the rope to show that its really fast and his trying to get away from the lion

- Two shot is used when there talking about the body, used when ever there is a conversation

- Sound- soundtrack makes it seem like there is trouble ahead

- the lion roaring really loud

- sound track is really sad at the beginning becausee of the argument and then the sound track changes into

a tense sound to make the audience aware that something bad will happen

- The sound shows that something is wrong because it becomes really loud

- The sound track starts to become really tense because the lion starts to chase the man across the forest

- The gun shot in the barn and the dogs barking at the same time makes it sound really chaotic

- The sound is really important in this clip becuase it makes the audience feel really tense and it foreshadows what is going to happen next

- When the sound track is really tense it doesnt really make the men sceard and only the audience, this represents the men being strong

- Lighting is bright like a normal day


- For the costumes, the lady wearing smart clothes because shes a reporter- she has a higher staus and as for the lady that was digging she looks more diffrent because she was wearing all black with a leather jacket and her hair style looked like she was a rock person- this showed us she was a bit of a lower class person and the lady in the biggning looked casual.

- The men are dressed very casual

- The women are usally shown very agressive for example the first lady that had the argument and the reporter, but the digger looked as if she was a stong type and she wasnt sceard of the lion, so there are variouse types of characters.

Notes on camera work in the clip

*Dolly shot- Men working, that's how it starts of
*Medium long shot- girl standing
*Dolly shot- moving into the girl while she is going into the car (close up shot)- shows that she does not  know what she is doing.
*Wide shot- when she crashes into the car, establishes the incident
*Medium long shot- The old man, shows what his wearing
*Pan- When the younger boy talks the camera is on him then the camera moves back to the older man and then the girl
*Two shot- The little girl and the lady
*Long shot- establishes the new location, a old room, represents the age
*Close up- Girl asking for forgiveness (camera moves to her eye level)
*Shot reverse shot- looking at her and then him whilst having a conversation
*Wide shot- establishes scene change, goes outside
*Mid shot- stuffed animals on the bed with notes because shes running away
-shows her putting her packing bag on and then zooms into the pictures on her mirror
-eye level changes back to him after they find out shes gone

Sounds

Sound

*Diegetic sound- sound with in the story (for example the sound of someone walking)
*Non-diegetic- sound from outside the story (sound track or voice over)
*Sound track (scone)- music chosen to go with a scene
*Sound effects- sound added in post production for creating drama
*Theme- sound track which goes with curtain situations or characters (for example pink panther has his own sound track)
*Ambient sound- natural sounds from the environment (for example a bird singing at the back ground just to make it look like summer even though its not)
*Dialogue- actors speech (intonations/accent)
*sound-bridge- sound track which bridges across two scenes (sound starts with a scene and then caries on into another)

In the representation of disability secret diary the scene starts of with diegetic sound and it is mostly used throughout the scene for example when she is closing the locks of the door they make it sound loud to show that her closing the door is making the boy uncomfortable and scared about what would happen to him. Also the father of the boy usually never finishes his sentences to show that they are all in a very awkward position, same as the girl, she feels very awkward because the father is with him and also he has to be there to pick him up from his chair. With no sound in the atmosphere it makes it even more awkward, they did this so that the audiences can feel how they feel and so they no what is going on because there is silence. The first sound that comes in is when the father goes into the car and he plays the radio and then turns it of. Then he starts to play with the windows and the car seat and then he sounds his horn. After he does that a non- diegetic sound comes on which is music and the music is used as a sound-bridge because it moves from one scene to another. The sound that is used for this scene is a very depressing sound because it makes you feel sympathy for the disabled boy.

Editing.

Objective:- learn editing terms
                - analyse clip for editing techniques

Continuity editing- invisible editing makes action flow smoothly

*Eye line match- shot A: looking and shot B: what there looking at
*180 rule (camera cannot move to the other side of the line because if it does it will confuse the audience and they wouldn't know where the characters are looking.)
*Crosscutting- cutting from scene to scene to suggest simultaneous narratives (shows that two scenes are happning at once but in two diffrent locaitions.)
*Action match- an action starts in one shot and is completed in the next (doing this makes the shot smoother, for example a boy kicking the ball from far and then the shot moving close to him as he kicks the ball)
*Graphic match- two shots chosen for graphic similarity (Rolo and watch, both have the same shape and look alike)
*Shot- reverse shot- used during conversations (one person talking and the camera on them, then the other talking n camera moves to them, this happens continuously while each person talks.)

- transitions- cut (hard cut)
  dissolve or cross fade
  fade in or fade out
  jump cut

-montage: shots chosen for thematic relationship- often used to show development and to "crunch" time
-pace: how does the edit affect the mood through pace
-privilege (more screen time) and marginalisation (less screen time) - for the characters

Mise en scene scene

Mise en scene:
-Costume
-Setting/location
-Lighting- very bright (high key lighting), low light (dull key lighting)
-Props
-Body language + blocking (where they move, what position there in)

mise en scene from part of the film:
*Men using tools, working
*In a Countryside in Scotland or in a old posh building
*Younger characters wear Casual costumes
*Older characters wear dark colours
*Body language in the car, shes confused and doesn't know how to drive
*Teacher in a suit, posh and old fashioned
*Teachers appearance- representation of age, for example beard and white hair
*Girl moving into someone trying to hide away, shows shes still a child
*Offered 'Brady' - posh old people drink (props)
*Low key lighting
*Teddy bear, type of writing on the papers, the room, types of light, colours, shows how old she really is.

Anuvahood

The Film Anuvahood has many different types of media languages for example the cinematography which is lighting and camera. The lighting of this film is bright and usually filmed in the day because the genre of it is comedy. As for the camera, it has many different types of camera angles, for example close ups and extreme close ups to show an affect of what is happening.

The film Anuvahood represents many different ways of the media language, for example the age. In one part of the film there is a scene where an older man that is the age of 40 and over and there is a teenager between the age of 16-19 arguing. This shows the difference between the age group and how they do not get along with each other. This could also be a stereotype because usually teenagers argue with the people that are older than them.

In the film there is also regional identity for example a Asian man and a white young boy. stereotypically the young boy is rude and does not respect what the Asian man says. As for the Asian man he is stereotypically shown as he does not know how to speak the English language properly.

The key concepts of media studies

There are 4 Media Concepts:
-Media Language
-Representation
-Audience
-Institution

+Media Language- How they are put together.
+Representation- How people are portrayed by the media.
+Audience- The ways of describing and appealing to customers of media.
+Institution- The producers and regulators of the media.

=Media Language- you'll be tested on your ability to analyse the following:
cinematography, editing, sound and mise en scene
=Representation- You'll be asked to analyse how the media language builds a representation of one of the following:
age, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, regional identity, ability/disability and class/social status